270 GLOSSARY AND INDEX. 



annulus, a ring-like body ; the elastic band of thick-walled cells forming 

 a part of the sporangium of ferns; the layer of cells between the 

 operculum and base of the peristome of a moss capsule ; the loose 

 ring of tissue on the stem of some mushrooms. 



anther, the part of a stamen that contains the pollen, 83. 



antheridium (pi. antlieridia), the organ of cryptogamous plants that pro- 

 duces antherozoids, i.e. male reproductive elements, or, in some 

 oases, accomplishes the fertilization of the egg-cell by direct transfer 

 of protoplasm, 96, 105, 125, 134, 146. 



antherozoid, see antheridium. 



apophysis, an enlargement of the seta below the capsule of ceHain mosses ; 

 a thickening on the scales of some pine cones. 



apothecium (pi. apothecia), the open, cup-shaped or flat, fructiiication of 

 many lichens. 



archegonium (pi. archegonia), the organ of higher cryptogamous plants 

 that produces the oosphere, or female reproductive body, 96, 125, 

 134, 146. 



arillate, having an aril, 12. 



aril, an outgrowth from the placenta or funiculus at the base of the seed, 

 forming a partial or complete covering outside of the testa ; a similar 

 outgrowth from the raphe or micropyle. The latter is sometimes 

 called arillode, or false arillus, but more often, in descriptive botany, 

 no distinction is made, 90. 



assimilation, the conversion of inorganic material into plant substance ; 

 the term is employed specifically to denote the formation of starch in 

 the green parts of plants, 71. 



awn, a bristle-like appendage, particularly that of the glumes of many 

 grasses, 159. 



axial, pertaining to an axis. 



axillary, situated in the axil or upper angle between leaf and stem. 



basidium (pi. basidid), a cell, or hypha, which produces by abstriction 

 one or more spores at its extremity, 114. 



bast, the inner bark ; in a more general sense, phloem, the part of a 

 fibro-vascular bundle that contains sieve-tubes and usually bast- 

 fibers, 38. 



bast fibers, 40. 



biennial, limited to two years ; flowering and dying in the second year 

 from the seed, 52. 



bilabiate, two-lipped. 



bilateral, symmetrically two-sided. 



bipalmate, twice palmately compound, 58 



