GLOSSARY AND INDEX. 285 



the development of a preSxisting embryo ; transitional forms, how- 

 ever, such as the macrospores of Selaginella, occur. 



sporophore, 98. 



sporophyte, 98, 129, 151. 



stamens, the androecium ; the parts of the flower that produce pollen, 

 74, 79, 83. 



staminate, having stamens, but no pistil, 85. 



staminode, a modiiied, sterile stamen, or body taking the place of a sta- 

 men, 180. 



standard, the upper petal of a papilionaceous flower, same as vexil- 

 lum, 197. 



starch, an important food substance, a carbo-hydrate, formed in the 

 green parts of plants and stored in seeds and other organs, 6, 18. 



stellate, star-shaped. 



stem, 38. 



form and habit, 52. 



growth from buds, 50. 



minute anatomy, 40. 



modified forms, 49, 53. 



structure, 38. 



texture and duration, 52. 



stigma, the part of the pistil that receives the pollen, 76, 84. 



stigmatic, pertaining to, or having the structure characteristic of, a 

 stigma, 229. 



stipe, a stalk, such as the petiole of a fern, the stalk of a mushroom, 

 etc., 131. 



stipule, one of the appendages at the base of the petiole of many 

 leaves, 58. 



stoma (pi. stomata), one of the openings through which an interchange 

 of gases between the atmosphere and the interior of the plant takes 

 place, 59, 69. 



style, the part of the pistil that supports the stigma, 76. 



stylopodium, the fleshy, two-parted, epigynous disk closely investing the 

 base of the two styles in many XJmbelliferBe, 225. 



sub-epidermal, lying beneath the epidermis. 



superior, a term defining the relative position of the parts of a flower to 



each other or to the axis of inflorescence; thus, "calyx superior" 



means that the calyx-tube is adherent to the ovary, the latter being 



inferior, 90 ; the superior, or upper, side of the flower is the one next 



, to the axis of inflorescence. 



suppression, 82. 



suspensor, the proembryo or part first formed after the fertilization of the 



