CHliTSlCHTIIYS. — CLAROTES. 341 



prsemaxillary band of teeth scarcely curved, 5 to 6 times as long- as broad ; 

 vomero-pterygoid teeth forming a long and broad band, uninterrupted or 

 narrowly interrupted mesially, strongly widening posteriorly in the adult, 

 narrowed and tapering behind in the young ; nasal barbel § to ly times 

 diameter of eye ; maxillary barbel ^ to -g- length of head ; outer mandibular 

 barbel -J to ^ length of head, inner \ to |. Gill-rakers moderate, 13-18 

 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal I 6, a little nearer end of 

 snout than root of caudal ; spine | length of head, very feebly serrated 

 in front and behind, covered with thick skin ; first, second, and third 

 soft rays equal, about •§• length of head. Adipose fin \\ to 2 times as 

 long as deep, its base hardly equal to that of dorsal, and \ to \ its 

 distance from the latter. Anal 12-13, 8 or 9 rays branched. Pectoral 

 spine thicker and longer than dorsal, strongly serrated on inner side. 

 Caudal deeply notched, with obtusely pointed lobes, longest rays 2 to 2\ 

 times length of median. Caudal peduncle 1^ to 1| times as long as 

 deep. Olive above, white beneath. 



Total length 400 millim. 



Lake Tanganyika. 



1-3. Ad. i hgr., type*. Kalambo. Prof. J. E. S. Moore (C). 



4. Hgr., type. Usumbura. „ 



5. Hgr. Xiamkolo. Dr. "\V. A. Cunnington (0.). 



16. CLAROTES. 

 Kner, Sitzb. Ak. Wien, xvii. 1855, p. 313 ; Giintb. Cat. Fish. v. p. 73 (1864) ; 



Bouleng. Fish. Nile, p. 339 (1907). 

 Gonocephalus, Kner, 1. c. 



Octonematichthys, Bleek. Act. Soc. Sc. Ind.-Neerl. iv. 1858, p. 60, and Nederl. 

 Tijdschr. Dierk. i. 1863, p. 95. 

 Distinguished from ChrysicMhys only by the presence of rays (one 

 thick anterior spinous ray and several articulated soft rays) in the 

 adipose dorsal fin. But there is no sign of these rays in very young 

 specimens, the adipose fin of which cannot be distinguished from that 

 of a ChrysicMhys ; they first appear as slender, hair-like, horny filaments, 

 and they are gradually transformed into structures similar to those 

 of the anterior dorsal fin, except that they are deprived of endoskeletal 

 supports or baseosts ; the spine is formed by the fusion of fulcra-like 

 scutes. 



Vertebra? 43 (19 + 24). 

 A single species. 



