30 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 



best on the turf or a dirt track that has had the surface loosened 

 by a scratch harrow. 



Defects and Peculiarities in Way of Going — Fcyrgiivg. — 

 Striking the ends of the branches or the under surface of the 

 shoe of a forefoot with the toe of the hind foot. 



Interfering. — Striking the supporting leg, at the fetlock with 

 the foot of the striding leg. It is predisposed in horses with base 

 narrow, toe wide, or splay-footed standing position. 



Paddling. — ^An outward deviation in the direction of the 

 stride of the foreleg, the result of a toe narrow or pigeon-toed 

 standing position. 



Winging. — Exaggerated paddling, noticeable in high going 

 horses. 



Winding. — A twisting of the striding leg around in front of 

 the supporting leg in mucli the same manner as in paddling. 

 This is most commonly seen in wide-fronted draft horses at the 

 walk. 



Scalping. — Hitting the front of the hind foot above or at the 

 line of the hair against the toe of the breaking over forefoot. 



Speedy Cutting. — The spreading trotter at speed hits the 

 hind leg abo\'c the scalping mark against the inside of the break- 

 ing over forefoot as he passes. 



Cross-firing. — Essentially forging in pacers, in which they 

 hit the inside of the near fore and off hind foot or the reverse in 

 the air as the stride of the hind leg is about completed and the 

 stride of the foreleg just begun. 



Pointing. — A stride in which extension is much more marked 

 than flexion. It is especially characteristic of the Thorough- 

 bred. The same term is also used to indicate the resting of one 

 forefoot in an advanced position to relieve the back tendons. 



Dwelling. — A perceptible pause in the flight of the foot, as 

 though the stride had been completed before the foot has reached 

 the ground. Most noticeable in actors. 



Trappy. — A quick, high, but comparatively short stride. 



Pounding. — A heavy contact usually accompanying a high 

 stride. 



Rolling. — Excessive lateral shoulder motion as in wide 

 fronted horses. 



