CLASSIFICATION. 71 



early summer, on leafy shoots of the season, which (in all hut 

 the first) spring from prichly more or less ivoody stems of the 

 preceding year. 



R. occidentalis, Linn. Black Raspbebet, Blackcap, or 

 Thimblbberey. — Glaucous-whitened, the long, recurving 

 stems, stalks, etc., armed with hooked prickles, but no bristles; 

 leaflets mostly 3, ovate, pointed, white-downy beneath, coarsely 

 doubly toothed, the lateral ones stalked ; flowers in close imibel- 

 like clusters, or some of them somewhat scattered, the petals 

 shorter than the sepals ; fruit purple-black (or an amber-colored 

 variety), flattish, ripe at midsummer. Parent of the Black 

 Raspberries of the garden. Many varieties of which Gregg 

 and Ohio are good types. The most important raspberry of 

 America. 



R. strigosus, Michx. — ^Wild Red Raspbbret; the upright 

 stems, stalks, etc., beset with copious bristles, and some of them 

 becoming weak prickles, also glandular; leaflets, oblong-ovate, 

 pointed, cut-serrate, white-downy beneath, the lateral ones 

 (either 1 or 2 pairs) not stalked; flowers in more or less 

 raceme-like clusters, the petals as long as the sepals, the latter 

 more or less glandular; fruit light red, tender and watery, but 

 high flavored, ripening all summer. Parent of some of the 

 Red Raspberries of the garden. Outhbert is a good repre- 

 sentative. 



R. neglectus. Peck. A hybrid between the last two, has 

 given rise to the Shaffer, Philadelphia, and other garden varie- 

 ties of the PuEPLE Cane class.. The fruit ranges from purple to 

 yellow; the clusters are open and straggling; the canes are 

 stout and purple; and the species propagates either by tips or 

 suckers. 



