256 ALFALFA FARMING IN AMERICA. 
The Alfalfa Harrow—tThere is a special alfalfa 
harrow made like a disk harrow only with circles of 
sharp spikes that are supposed to penetrate the 
ground and loosen it, throwing out the grass 
roots without injuring the alfalfa. The theory of 
this implement is good but in practice it does not 
work so well. There is difficulty in getting it to 
penetrate deeply and if it throws out grass it is 
speedily wound up on the axle so that I am not at 
all certain that the machine will supersede the ordi- 
nary disk harrow. 
The Spring Tooth Harrow.—Where Kentucky 
bluegrass is coming in, or bermuda or other grasses, 
after all the best thing probably to rake them out is 
the spring toothed harrow. One needs a strong har- 
row, not too wide, and weighted well, when if the 
alfalfa is well established and strongly rooted it 
will be relieved of its encumbering grasses without 
being materially harmed itself. Or the spring tooth 
harrow may be used after the disk harrow. 
A Deep Tilling Machine——The Spalding deep till- 
ing machine is the invention of a Californian and 
was first used there in plowing heavy adobe soils. It 
is essentially a very large and strong disk plow hav- 
ing two 24” disks set to run in the one furrow. With 
this plow one ean readily plow 12” to 16” deep. The 
forward disk throws down the upper surface soil, 
with its trash and weed seeds. The following disk 
throws over this top earth 8” of the subsoil, bring- 
ing up earth free from weed seeds. All the soil 
turned is very efficiently pulverized. In certain soils: 
