326 



CATTLE 



movement on the island. The practice of selection was followed 

 with much care, and the breeders constantly sacrificed animals of 

 inferior quality and value to the butcher. 



The improvement of the Jersey in England had some bearing 

 on the general development of the breed. Many herds had been 

 formed in England, that of Lord Braybrooke in Essex County (dat- 

 ing back to 1811) being still in existence in 1880, when the first 

 volume of the English herdbook appeared. About 1821 Philip 

 Dauncey of Horwood, Buckingham County, purchased his first 



Jersey, and later be- 

 came England's most 

 celebrated breeder. 

 He developed a re- 

 markable herd, and it 

 is stated that he even- 

 tually maintained a 

 dairy of fifty Jersey 

 cows which netted him 

 an annual profit of 

 $100 each from sales 

 of butter. His cows 

 produced large yields 

 of butter and greatly 

 advertised the merits 

 of the breed. The 

 herd was dispersed in 

 1867, when ninety head averaged something over $200 each. 

 Cattle from this herd were sold to go to different parts of England, 

 Germany, Australia, and Tasmania. Dauncey, it is said, bred 

 with three prime objects in view : first, a large average butter 

 record ; second, constitution ; third, uniform color of hair, free 

 from white. Among the most celebrated cows owned by him 

 were Brunette, calved in 1833, the dam of fourteen calves; 

 Violet, procured from Colonel Le Couteur in 1845 ; and Negress, 

 a favorite black cow. Pope 652, purchased in 1826 from Michael 

 Fowler, was his first bull and proved a most valuable addition 

 to his herd. Dauncey bred the bull Rioter 746 E, whose grand- 

 son Stoke Pogis 1269 became progenitor in America of the 



Fig. 136. A seaside farm on the island of Jersey. 

 The stack in the foreground consists of sea- 

 weed, which is used for manure. From photo- 

 graph by the author 



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