178 



BOTANY. 



root-like forms (Fig. 98, A, m). Sooner or later these un- 

 derground filaments produce the spore-fruits, which are 



FiQ. 98.— Development and structure of a Toadstool. A, vegetative fllaments 

 producing young spore-fruits; J, II, III, IV, V, sections of successive stages of 

 spore-fruits, from very young to maturity; I, the gills; v, veil; VI, magnified 

 section of a gill, showing layer of spore-bearing cells, hy; VII, greatly magnified 

 section of part of a gill, showing layer of spore-bearing cells, with spores of dif- 

 ferent ages. 



mostly umbrella-shaped, as in common Toadstools and 

 Mushrooms, or of various more or less irregular shapes, as 

 in the Ear-fungi, Club-fungi, etc. 



