PHANEROGAMIA. 



217 



generally called — are loose cones generally crowded into 

 considerable clusters. Each cone consists of a stem upon 

 which are many flattish stamens, each bearing two pollen- 

 sacs (Fig. 120). 



462. The pollen-cells are roundish, and covered by a 



Fig. 122.— a ripe cone of a Fine, partly cut away to show the position of the 

 seeds, g\ A,e, scale from a young; cone, upjier side sho'*ing two ovules (enlarged); 

 B, the same when mature, showing: two winged seeds, ch. Each seed-coat has a 

 small pore, M, through which the first root will grow in germination. 



double wall, the outer being thick and hard, and in some 

 cases swollen out into bladder-like enlargements, appar- 

 ently for the purpose of enabling the cell to be carried in 

 the air (Fig. 121, M). One or more cells of the rudiment- 

 ary first stage are always present (Fig. 121, y). 



