PHANEROaAMIA. 257 



development in the Tegetable kingdom. They are naturally ar- 

 ranged under ten cohorts, and these fall into three series. 



Series IX, Bioarpellatae, — Ovary mostly superior. Pistil generally 

 composed of two carpophylls (leaves). 



Lamiale Cohort (with irregular flowers). 



Order 35, the Mints (Labiatse); 2500, herbs or shrubs; temperate and 

 warm climates. 



Order 36, the Vervains (Verbenacese); 700, herbs, shrubs, or trees, 

 mostly tropical. 



Order 37 (Selaginese); 140, shrubs or herbs, mostly Soulh African. 



Order 38 (Myoporinese); 80, shrubs or small trees, mostly Austra- 

 lian. 



Peraonale Cohort (with irregular flowers). 



Order 39, the Acanths (Acanthacese); 1500, herbs, mostly tropical. 



Order 40 (Pedaliaceae); 40, herbs, mostly tropical. 



Order 41, the Bignoniads (Bignoniaceae); 500, mostly woody, and 

 generally tropical. 



Order 43 (Gesneraceae) ; 700, herbs, shrubs, and rarely trees, of the 

 tropics. 



Order 43 (Columelliaceae); 3, small evergreen trees, of tropical 

 America. 



Order 44, the Bladderworts (Lentibulariacese); 180, mostly marsh 

 herbs of temperate and tropical climates. 



Order 45, the Broom-rapes (Orobanchacese); 150, parasitic herbs, 

 widely distributed. 



Order 46, the Pigworts (Scrophulariacese); 3000, herbs, shrubs, 

 rarely trees, of all parts of the world. 



Polemoniale Cohort. 



Order 47, the Nightshades (Solanacege) ; 1250, herbs or woody plants, 

 chiefly tropical. 



Order 48, tlie Bindweeds (Convolvulacese); 800, mostly herbaceous 

 climbers, chiefly tropical. 



Order 49, the Borageworts (Boraginacese); 1200, herbs, shrubs, and 

 trees, widely distributed. 



Order 50, the Hydrophylls (Hydrophyllaceae); 150, mostly Ameri- 

 can herbs. 



Order 51, the Phloxes (Polemoniacese); 150, mostly American herbs. 



Oentianale Cohort, 

 Order 53, the Gentians (Gentianaceae); 530, herbs, common in 

 mountain regions. 



