Excretion - 379 



blood stream of a dog, the concentration of 

 the dye in the urine is found to be 125 times 

 greater than in the filtrate. How might this 

 observation be explained, knowing that the 

 filtrate/urine ratio of the dog is 100/1? 



13. Explain why the plasma/urine concentra- 

 tion ratio for inulin may be 100/1 while 

 simultaneously the ratio for urea may be 

 60/1. 



14. Carefully explain each of the following con- 



ditions in terms of kidney structure and func- 

 tion: (a) albumin in the urine; (b) red cor- 

 puscles in the urine; (c) glucose in die urine; 

 (d) an extremely copious dilute urine; (e) 

 virtually no urine. 



15. Briefly explain how the kidney ma} 1 partici- 

 pate in controlling the acid-base balance of 

 the body. 



16. Briefly explain some of the evolutionary his- 

 tory of the vertebrate kidney. 



FURTHER READINGS 



1. The Physiology of the Kidney, by Homer 

 Smith; New York. 1937. 



2. The Living Body, by C. H. Best and N. B. 

 Taylor; New York, 1958. 



3. "The Kidney," by Homer W. Smith; in Sci- 

 entific American, January 1953. 



