The Consequences of Evolufion - 567 



Fig. 29-12. Fossil of a Paleozoic insect (Dunban'a fasciipenis). (Courtesy of the 

 Yale Peabody Museum.) 



era continue to show a rich though varying 

 representation of most of the earlier groups, 

 but in addition they reveal the flourishing of 

 many land-dwelling species: Bryophyta and 

 Gymnospermae, among the plants; reptiles 

 and Amphibia, among the Vertebrata; and 

 insects (Fig. 29-12) and other Arthropoda 

 among the invertebrates. Extensive swamp- 

 land forests (Fig. 29-13), composed of gigantic 



ferns and other primitive Tracheophyta to- 

 gether with a few primitive Gymnospermae, 

 flourished in the latter parts of the Paleozoic 

 period; and fish became the dominant ani- 

 mals of the sea. However, none of the flower- 

 ing plants (Angiospermae), nor any of the 

 birds and mammals appear to have arisen 

 much before the termination of the Paleozoic 



Fig. 29-13. Restoration of a carboniferous swamp forest. Note the giant ferns, horsetails, 

 and club mosses; the primitive conifers (primitive gymnosperms); and the large primitive 

 insect (center, right, look closely). (Courtesy of the Chicago Natural History Museum.) 



