166 SANITARY ENTOMOLOGY 



attention to the connection of flies with the great cholera outbreak in the 

 Greek army. At Gallipoli the flies were in amazing numbers, the food was 

 black with them as soon as it was set on the table. They filled the tents 

 and shelters, settled on the refuse of the camp, and on the unburied dead, 

 and by their annoyance multiplied the sufferings of the wounded and 

 spoiled the tempers of the hale. The flies have been very bad in France. 

 Kirschner states that in the hospitals near the front the enormous number 

 of flies presented a serious danger. Maxwell-Lefroy says that in Mesopo- 

 tamia the tents and trenches were full of flies. The troops at Salonika 

 suff'ered greatly from diarrhea and dysentery which coincided in appear- 

 ance with the abundance of flies. Wenyon and O'Connor found flies in 

 Egypt largely responsible for outbreaks of amoebic dysentery among the 

 troops. In this connection Dr. Ballou's lecture on flies and lice in Egypt 

 (Chapter XXXII) will give an excellent first-hand view of conditions 

 in that country. 



