DISEASES TRANSMITTED BY MOSQUITOES 251 



normally carried by the tsetse flies of the genus Glossina, but Roubaud 

 and Lafont (1914) have obtained experimental transmission with Aedes 

 argenteus (Stegomyia calopus). 



Trypanosoma (sens, lat.) noctuae Schaudinn (1904), which may be 

 confused with Haemoproteus noctuae Celli and San Felice, mentioned 

 above, passes its schizogony in the owl, Glaucidium noctuae, and its 

 sporogony in the mosquito, Culex pipiens, 



Trypanosoma (sens, lat.} ziemanm Schaudinn, another organism 

 badly confused with T. noctuae and Leucocytozoon danUewskyi, is re- 

 corded from Culex pipiens fed on the owl, Glaucidium noctuae. 



A Trypanosoma sp. was recovered by Durham from Aedes argenteus 

 (Stegomyia fasciata) which had fed on bats (Phyllostomus sp.), and 

 another Trypanosoma was recovered from a Culex by Mathis. 



Mastigophora: Binucleata: Leptomonidae 



Crithidia fasciculata Leger (1902) is a parasite of Anopheles maculi- 

 perniis Meigen and Culex quinquefasciatus (fatigans). Laveran and 

 Franchini (1914) record Leishmania-form bodies, possibly of this species, 

 in mice infected from Anopheles maculipennis. 



Leishmania brasiliensis Vianna (1911), the cause of ulcers known 

 as BOUBA or ORAL LEISHMANIASIS of man in Southern Brazil and 

 Northern Paraguay, is thought by Brumpt and Pedroso to be carried by 

 Tabanidae or Culicidae. 



Leishmama donovani (Laveran and Mesnil 1903) is the cause of 

 INDIAN KALA AZAR. It has been proven that the bedbug can carry 

 it, but the normal carrier is unproven. Franchini (1911) fed Anopheles 

 near claviger Fabricius on cultures of this organism and found that the 

 parasite persisted and developed in the mosquitoes for at least 48 hours. 

 Patton (1907) obtained no results in experiments with Culex quinque- 

 fasciatus (fatigans), Stegomyia imgens and Anopheles stephensi Lis- 

 ton. Mackie (1915) also failed in his experiments with Culex and 

 Anopheles. 



LeishTnania tropica (Wright 1903) is the cause of ORIENTAL 

 SORE of man, which goes under various names, and it may really be a 

 complex species. In investigating Bagdad scye Wenyon (1911a) fed 

 Aedes argenteus (Stegomyia fasciata) on sores, and demonstrated in the 

 mosquitoes the flagellate forms of the parasite up to 48 hours, but his 

 transmission experiments failed. He later (1911b) succeeded in getting 

 this mosquito to take up the parasites and demonstrated developmental 

 stages in the gut. No evidence of infection could be found in experiments 

 with Culex quinquefasciatus (fatigans). 



Leptomonas algeriense Sergent and Sergent (1906) is parasitic in 

 Culex pipiens and Aedes argenteus (calopus). 



