252 



SANITARY ENTOMOLOGY 



Leptomonas cvlicis (Novy, MacNeal, and Torry, 1907) is native to 

 Cvlex pipiens and Culex qumquefasciatus (fatigans). Fantham and Por- 

 ter (1915, 1916) fatally infected birds by feeding them on infected in- 

 sects, proving it experimentally pathogenic to Passer domesticus and 

 Chelidon urbica. 



Mastigophora: Bwmcleata: Plasmodidae 



The Plasmodiums are the causative organisms of malaria, which are all 

 carried by the bite of mosquitoes. The cycle of schizogony occurs in man, 



HasT I (MdsftuiTo) 

 ^■^ In Stomach 



I 

 Cycle of Schizogony 

 JnHomo Sapiens (Man). 



Cycle OF SporoooNv 

 m Anopheles opr 



LIFE CYCLE OF PLASMODIUM 



The Cause of Pernicious MalarIa. 

 Fig. 47. (Pierce.) 



and of sporogeny in the mosquito (fig. 47). This life cycle is very clearly 

 set forth in many textbooks and should be studied carefully by all stu- 

 dents. Briefly it takes place as follows, starting with the minute sporo- 

 zoite inoculated in man by the mosquito. This sporozoite is an elongate 

 sickle-shaped body which bores into a red blood cell, and there forms an 

 amoeboid shaped body known as the trophozoite, which gives off pseudo- 

 podia that absorb nourishment from the cell. At first this trophozoite 

 is of uniform mass, but soon a vacuole is formed, and it may assume a 

 ring form. The trophozoite grows, withdraws its pseudopodia and be- 

 comes a schizont. This divides into many merozoites, which burst the 

 cell and escape into the blood stream. This completes the cycle of 

 schizogony which may begin again by the merozoite entering a red blood 

 cell and becoming a trophozoite. On the other hand it may develop into 



