414. SANITARY ENTOMOLOGY 



DISEASES OF ANIMAL ORIGIN 



Protozoa 

 Mastigophora: Bmucleata: Trypanosomidae 



Schizotrypanum cruzi Chagas, the cause of CHAGAS FEVER, while 

 normally transmitted by the kissing bugs of the genus Triatoma, has been 

 shown by Brumpt to develop in the tick Ornithodoros moubata (Murray) 

 Pocock, and by Neiva (1913) to develop in Rhipicephalus sanguineus 

 (Latreille) Koch. 



Trypanosoma sp. which is supposed to cause a reptilian disease, is 

 carried by Amblyomma testudinis (Conil) Neumann. 



Trypanosoma Christopher si Novy is an organism probably native 

 to Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) Koch and was originally recov- 

 ered from ticks fed on dog. 



Mastigophora : BimMcleata: Leptomonidae 



Some authors are inclined to separate the genera of tick organisms 

 to form the family Piroplasmidae. These organisms do seem to form a 

 rather consistent family which contains the genera Theileria, Nuttallia, 

 Babesia, Piroplasma, Rossiella, and Anaplasma. 



Anaplasma argentinwm, the cause of ARGENTINE ANAPLASMO- 

 SIS of cattle, is carried by Boophilus annulatus australis Fuller (micro- 

 plus Canestrini) (Lignieres 1914). 



Anaplasma marginale Theiler, cause of ANAPLASMOSIS of many 

 African and Australian animals, is transmitted according to Theiler 

 (1910) by Boophilus wnmilatus (decoloratus Koch), and according to 

 Castellani and Chalmers by Rhipicephalus simus Koch. 



Babesia argentinum, cause of Argentine BABESIASIS OF CATTLE, 

 is carried by Boophilus annulatus australis Fuller (microplus Canestrini) 

 (Lignieres 1914). 



Babesia bonis Babes {Piroplasma bigeminum Smith and Kilbome),* 

 the cause of TEXAS CATTLE FEVER which is also known as RED 

 WATER, SPLENIC FEVER, SOUTHERN CATTLE FEVER and 

 under various other names, is normally transmitted by the cattle tick 

 Boophilus an/mdatus (Say) Stiles and Hassall in North America. The 

 first proofs of tick transmission were published by Smith and Kilbome 

 (1893). Crawley (1915) believes the organism is pathogenic to this 

 tick. The organism may also be transmitted by Boophilus annulatus 

 australis Fuller (decoloratus Koch) in South America, Cuba, Porto Rico, 



* Babesia bovis and B. bigemiwwm are separated by some authors as two distinct 

 species, bovis causing the European disease, and bigeminum the American. 



