DISEASES CAUSED OR CARRIED BY MITES AND TICKS 427 



and nymphal stages, and does not reattach during the adult stage. The 

 organism, if taken up, must be taken up by the larva or nymph and 

 remain in the body during transformation, entering the eggs, thus to be 

 transmitted by the offspring of the tick. 



It is quite evident from this that any one who studies the trans- 

 mission of disease by ticks, must first take into account the life cycles 

 of the ticks which he is studying, in order to arrive at any understanding 

 of the life cycles of the parasites. Perhaps we may learn a valuable lesson 

 from the ticks in our search for the life cycles of parasites in other forms 

 of invertebrates. 



LIST OF REFERENCES 



Anderson, John F., 1903.— U. S. Treas. Dept., Hyg. Lab., Bull. 14, 



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 Balfour, A., 1912. — Parasitology, vol. 5, pp. 122-126. 

 Banks, N., 1915.— U. S. Dept. Agric, Office of the Secretary, Report 108, 



153 pp. 

 Brumpt, E., 1908.— Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., vol. 1, pp. 577-579. 

 Brumpt, E., 1913. — Precis de Parasitologie, pp. 133, 136. 

 Brumpt, E., 1914.— Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 132-133. 

 Carpano, M., 1915. — Ann. Igiene Speriment, Turin, vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 



343-410. 

 Castellani, A., and Chalmers, A. J., 1913. — A Manual of Tropical Medi- 

 cine, 2nd Edit., p. 950. 

 Christophers, S. R., 1907.— Sci. Mem. Officers Med. & Sanit. Dept., India, 



n. s.. No. 29. 

 Christophers, S. R., 1912.— Parasitology, vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 37-44, 48. 

 Crawley, H., 1915.— Journ. Parasit., vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 87-92. 

 Doflein, F., 1911. — Lehrbuch der Protozoenkunde, p. 817. 

 Dutton, J. E., and Todd., J. L., 1905. — Liverpool School Trop. Med., 



Mem. 17, pp. 1-18. 

 Fiillebom and Mayer, M., 1908. — ^Arch. f. Schiffs- u. Trop.-Hyg., vol. 



12, p. 31. 

 Hadwen, S., 1919. — Journ. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 



639-642. 

 Hindle, E., 1911.— Parasitology, vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 133-149. Contains 



Bibliography on Transmission of Relapsing Fever. 

 Hindle, E., 1911.— Parasitology, vol. 4, pp. 463-477. 

 Jarvis, E. M., 1919.— Vet. Journ., Feb. 

 Kitashima, T., and Myajima, 1918. — ^Kitasato Arch. Exper. Med., vol. 



2, No. 2, July, pp. 91-146, Pits. 1-4; No. 3, pp. 237 for'd. 

 Leishmann, W. B., 1910.— Lancet, vol. 177, pp. 11-14. 



