The Pig and Hippopotamus 



317 



The PECCAiiiES. 



Peculiar to the American Continent, the Pegcauies differ consideralily from the wild swine 

 of the Old World. Tliey are of small size; the dentition is not the same, the stomach is 

 more comijlicated in strncture, and the hind feet liave tliree instead of four toes. In general 

 appearance })eccaries are not unlilve small dark-coloured pig, well covered with bristh's, and 

 having, as well as a prominent mane, a deep fringe of hair beneath the throat. They are 

 essentially forest-loving animals, roaming over large tracts of country and making considerable 

 migrations in search of food. Two species have been distinctly identified by naturalists — the 

 Collared Peccary, and the White-lipped Peccary. Of these, the fornrer species is found from 

 Texas, in North America, as far south as the Rio Negro, in Patagonia. The haljitat of the 

 white-lipped peccary is more circumscribed, and the animal is seldom found except in that 

 part of South and Central America lying between British Honduras and Paraguay. No 

 members of the Pig Family are fiercer or more tenacious of their sanctuaries than the white- 

 lipped peccary, which roams the dense forests of Brazil and Paraguay in large herds. A 

 human being, attacked and surrounded by a herd of these savage little creatures, would indeed 

 stand but a poor chance of his life, and many a hunter and traveller has been compelled to 

 seek refuge in a tree and sustain some hours of siege. Of the two species, the wliite-lipped 

 peccary is somewhat the larger, standing from 15 to 17i inches in height. The collared 

 peccary averages from 13|^ to 15J^ inches. The flesli of these wild swine is not in much 

 repute, and unless the back-gland is at once cut out a freshly killed specimen will become 

 quickly spoiled as a human food-supply. Young peccaries appear to be easily tamed, fierce 

 as is their nature in the wild state. In contrast with the aljundant litters of other pigs, wild 

 and domesticated, only one offspring is ordinarily produced at birth. In fighting, the peccary 

 does not rip like the wild boar, but inflicts savage and severe bites. 



"Untrained dogs," says President Eoosevelt, "even those of a large size, will speedily 

 be killed by a single peccary, and if they venture to attack a herd will be literally torn 

 into shreds. A big trained dog, however, can, single-handed, kill a peccary, and I have 

 known the feat performed several times." 



Azara, the eminent Spanish naturalist of the end of the eighteenth century, had 

 considerable experience of the peccaries of Central and Southern America, where the Indians 

 are much addicted to taming wild animals, and keep both the peccary and the ta[iir in 

 a state of semi-domestication. The peccary 

 he found to be domesticated more easily 

 than might be expected. Though so fierce 

 in its wild state, it soon becomes trouble- 

 some from its familiarity. 



Mr. Schomburgk, the explorer of Central 

 America, whose travels were so constantly 

 quoted during the Venezuelan arbitration, 

 saw much of the white-lipped species in 

 the forests. He found the animals in large 

 troops under the leadership of an old boar. 

 When attacked, they were ready to surround 

 man, dog, or jaguar; and if there were no 

 means of escape, the enemy was certain to 

 be cut to pieces. He himself had a narrow 

 escape from an infuriated herd, the leader 

 of which he shot in the act of rushing at 

 him. As the herd approached the sound 

 was like that of a whirlwind through the 

 bushes. 



riiuh' b>/ .Schulasdc J'kotQ. t'o.j IParson's Green. 



A YOUNG COLLARED PECCARY. 



In tliis specimen the white collar from ■\\hich the species t;ikes its name is 



Tery clearly displayed. 





