132 BUTTER-MAKING. 
ment in the separation of cream from milk. This led to con- 
tinuous milk and cream discharges, and consequently also to 
the continuous inflow of whole milk. These machines were 
of the hollow-bow! construction. 
Modern Separators.—Since the year when the Danish Weston 
and the De Laval machines were invented, many different 
types of separators with different contrivances within the bowl 
have been put upon the market. Baron Bechtelsheim, of 
Munich, is given the credit of having discovered that certain 
Fic. 71.—The United States separator. 
contrivances on the inside of the machine increase the efficiency 
and capacity of skimming. This discovery was made, accord- 
ing to J. H. Monrad,* in 1890. This invention was bought by 
the De Laval Company. 
The principal part of practically all the separators is a bowl 
rotating in a vertical position, with or without contrivances 
inside the bowl. Machines having a bowl rotating in a hori- 
zontal position are, so far as the authors know, not in use at 
the present time. Such a machine was once manufactured at 
Hamburg, Germany, and was called “‘Peterson’s Centrifugal 
* Dairy Messenger, Jan. 1892, p. 9. 
