CONSERVATORS’ WORK 117 
its retention are traits with which we of the West 
can sympathize, for there must always be pressure 
from those who have not on those who have, 
possibly increasing until landownership brings 
neither honour nor profit. But ultimately even 
this matter was arranged, and thereby the cost of 
demarcation was lessened and inspection rendered 
easy, while trespass, when it occurred, could be 
regarded almost with certainty as intentional. 
One of these exchanges, however, implicated the 
area of about 30,000 acres peopled by the Tharus 
of Kheri, whom it was desired to bring more under 
the influence of the Forest Department, a position 
they also wished for ; for being in close touch with the 
Forest Officer, and dependent on the forest for their 
welfare, they did not appreciate the interference of 
both forest and revenue officials in their affairs. 
Now the establishment of forest villages in India 
is one of the operations most conducive to success 
in forestry, for thereby a local population is created 
who are given scope for agriculture, and at the 
same time are provided at their doors with a special 
form of labour in which they rapidly become efficient. 
The system, too, obviates the introduction of labour 
from outside, which is expensive and often unsatis- 
factory; for malaria and dysentery take heavy toll of 
new-comers uninured to the hardships of the jungle. 
Moreover, the villagers thus settled in the forest 
soon take a special interest in its protection, and, 
even if they themselves sometimes pilfer, they will 
carefully prevent such attempts by others. Orders 
to hand over the Thdrus to the charge of the 
Revenue Department were received, therefore, with 
