86 STUDIES OF ANIMAL LIFE. 



d. The large intestine, the wider, straight, posterior 

 end of the canal. 



2. What is the advantage in having tlie small intestine 



coiled instead of straight ? 



3. Observe the folding of the inner wall of the stomach 



and of the small intestine. (Use split specimens. ) 

 •i. Observe also the finger-like projections (villi) which 

 cover the inner surface of the small intestine 

 thickly, giving it a shaggy appearance. 



5. In a prepared section of the stomach observe the pit- 



like digestive glands of the mucous membrane or 

 inner wall. 



6. What other parts of the alimentary canal are ante- 



rior to the oesophagus ? 



7. How are the stomach and the intestine held in place 



in the body cavity ? 



8. Accessory Organs. Identify, — 



(a) the pancreas, an irregular-shaped gland between 

 the stomach and first bend of the intestine ; 



(5) the spleen, a small, round, reddish gland near the 

 anterior end of the large intestine ; 



(c) the fat bodies, yellow finger-like masses of fat. 



9. Make drawings to illustrate this section. 



K. The Kidneys and their Veins. 



The kidneys are two small, red, flattened bodies 

 lying in the posterior dorsal portion of the body 

 cavity. The two oval, yellowish bodies near the 

 kidneys in the male frog are the spermaries. In 

 the female frog will be found, similarly located, 

 the ovaries filled with eggs. 

 1. Observe the large vein (vena cava) which takes its 

 origin from the kidneys. (It lies between them.) 



