48 AMERICAN DAIRYING. 



the market iu fall and winter. This seems to 

 me a natural result of the changed conditions. 

 At the same time I expect to continue my 

 present method of having ray cows fresh in the 

 fall months. 



•Warm stables. — All stables should be so pro- 

 tected from the cold that the manure will not 

 freeze in them during the coldest weather. A 

 cheap stable can be made frost-proof by nail- 

 ing boards inside the posts or studs and filling 

 solid with straw between. I practiced this with 

 my first cow stable and kept my cows as com- 

 fortable as I have since in more expensive 

 stables. I have plenty of light in the stables 

 and good ventilation. 



The following I clip from The Dairy of Lon- 

 don, Eng. Comment is unnecessary: 



Mr. Alexander Pottie, M. R. C. V. S., Paisley, in a lec- 

 ture under the auspices of the Glasgow and West of Scot- 

 land Agricultural Discussion Society, on "How to Make the 

 Most of the Cow in Winter," said that there was a great deal 

 of misunderstanding as to what was the proper temperature 

 that should be maintained in byres [barns] in winter. Prom 

 experiments extending over a considerable period, which he 

 had made in byres, he found that the temperature at which 

 a cow gave the largest amount of milk was 63 deg. No arti- 

 ficial heat was necessary — byres should be heated by means 

 of the warmth of the cows in them. In a properly-con- 

 structed byre the difference . in value of milk obtained from 

 twenty-nine or thirty cows in a temperature of 63 deg. was 

 about £3 more per week than when the temperature was 52 

 deg. Farmers did not seem to be aware of the loss they 

 were sustaining by keeping their cows in cold byres. * 



