170 
rubber plantations existing in Angola in 1913, and the number 
of trees of which they consisted. 
It may be concluded from his discussion that it is mainly in 
the north of Angola that rubber cultivation has been most 
widely developed. 
He then describes summarily the methods of cultivation, 
extraction of the latex, and preparation of the rubber in use on 
some of the plantations, and he indicates the characteristics of 
the samples obtained from the Angola plantations which are 
in the Colonial Agricultural Museum of the Higher Institute of 
Agronomy at Lisbon. In concluding his study he offers some 
considerations and conclusions to the effect that : — 
Owing to the enthusiasm of the agriculturists of Angola, 
who continue the planting of rubber trees although they cannot 
expect the high prices which rubber has realized in the past, 
and thanks to the efforts of the Government, in agreement with 
those of the Bureau of Agriculture of Angola, for the develop- 
ment of agriculture, this colony will become in a few years an 
important centre of rubber production. 
Manihot Glaziovii is the species which is mostly cultivated. 
Tapping is generally carried out by vertical series of cuts. 
Each series is about 2 metres long. The incisions are made by 
means of a kind of “ pricker’’ invented by a planter in Angola, 
M. Santos. 
The outer cortex is pulled from the trunk before the trees 
are tapped. The latex is collected in cups and generally poured 
into hollow wooden or enamelled iron trays, in which it coagu- 
lates spontaneously. Then the rubber is squeezed, pressed 
and dried. 
On some plantations the rubber is washed, and also on some 
the rubber is smoked during the drying. 
Plantation rubbers from Angola are offered in the form of 
sheets and scrap. They realize fairly high prices, which are 
not much inferior to those of rubbers from the Amazon. and 
the Eastern plantations. 
The -Cuarrman: Gentlemen—Our time is exhausted, and I 
think we must take the other papers as read, although, of 
course, they will be duly published. I am extremely sorry to 
have had to hurry some of the papers, but, as you see, our 
time is very limited. Personally, I am very grateful 
to the readers of the different papers, as I am sure all the 
other members are. It has been a most interesting afternoon, 
and although some of us would have liked a little more time 
for discussion, yet none of us, I think, can leave here to-dav 
without feeling that we have been dealing not only with 
matters of interest, but of education. 
The following papers were taken as read: — 
