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people whose co-operation one wishes to secure with an 
efficient and trustworthy body of inspectors and advisers. In 
India we have done so by appointing official registrars in 
different provinces, under whom there work inspectors trained 
by them, and although in India—very properly I think—we are 
trying by degrees to hand over the duties of inspection and 
‘ audit to unions of the various societies themselves, there must 
always be—at least I hope there will always be—Government 
authority over them that will give every little society the 
feeling that the inspection and audit is practically a thing for 
which Government continues to make itself responsible. 
Now as regards tropical countries such as our own Colonies, 
and those of other European powers, where it is desired to 
encourage co-operation among the people, I make one sugges- 
tion which I think has already been adopted by Mauritius. As I 
said, the problem differs very much as between European and 
tropical countries. Formerly, when we started the system in 
India, we had to come to European countries to learn what 
co-operation meant. In India we have now had about ten 
years’ experience of our own, and we have a considerable 
number of European officials who have studied the question 
very carefully, and have got a great deal of experience in 
starting and working the 12,000 societies now in existence. 
Mauritius is following our example, and has asked the Indian 
Government to send a man to try to start the same system, 
especially among the Indian population of Mauritius. I 
venture to advise any tropical country which thinks of start- 
ing such a system either to ask the Government of India to send 
them a man, or themselves to send a colonial man to India 
so that he may wander about there seeing how difficulties 
have been met and overcome so successfully in India. I need 
not add anything about the great importance and advantage 
of the encouragement of co-operation, especially among small 
peasants. I myself like to dwell not so much upon the econ- 
omic advantages as upon the great educational advantages of 
co-operation. It brings the people together, it helps them 
to help each other, and it discourages petty jealousies. It 
makes a great difference to them intellectually and morally 
as well, and it is of very great importance not only to the 
economic welfare of the people, but of still greater importance 
to their moral and intellectual welfare. 
Mr. Henry W. Wotrr: Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen—I 
thoroughly endorse what Sir James Wilson has just told 
you, but I would add that it was on my advice that Mauritius 
sent to the Indian Government for a registrar to teach the 
natives. If any other tropical countries intend to introduce 
