112 Germany. 
than the actual determination and equalization of yield 
still pervades the Saxon practice. Since 1860 an attempt 
has been made to calculate the rotation and determine 
the felling budget on the principle of the soil rent, at 
least as a corrective of the annual budget. 
In Bavaria, after various changes, a complete allot- 
ment method of area and volume has come into vogue. 
In Wiirtemberg, where in 1818 to 1822 a pure volume 
allotment had been introduced, in 1862 to 1863 the com- 
bined allotment method was begun, the felling budget 
being determined in a general way for the next two or 
three periods, and more precisely for the first decade, 
without attempting more than approximate equality. 
In Baden, where the forest organization began in 1836 
upon the basis of volume allotment, a change was made 
in 1849 to an area allotment, simplifying to a greater 
extent than anywhere else the calculation of the yield; 
finally Heyer’s method was adopted entirely in 1869. 
It appears then that the schematic allotment methods 
found the most general application, being favored prob- 
ably on account of their simplicity in application in the 
absence of an easy method of determining volume yield. 
The improvement in their present application over the 
original methods as designed by Hartig and Cotta, is 
that they require no volume calculation for any long 
future, but are satisfied with making a sufficiently accur- 
ate calculation and provision for the proper felling 
budget for the present. 
6. Forest Administration. 
About 1750 the recognition of the importance of for- 
estry led to a severance of the hunting and forest inter- 
