Silvicultural Practice. 183 
results of his investigations (under the order of the Bund 
of 1857) of the forest conditions of the Alps and con- 
tributed other volumes along similar lines. 
He was succeeded. by the now venerable Dr. J. Coaz as 
Inspector-General of the Bund, who also contributed to 
the science of mountain reboisement and in other direc- 
tions. The work on the management of the City forest 
of Zurich by its long-time manager Meister is classic. 
Under the active direction of Anton Biihler for many 
years (now Dr. Engler), Mittheilungen der eidgenés- 
sischen Centralanstalt fiir das forstliche Versuchswesen, 
have become since 1891 important contributions to for- 
estry science. In the direction of wood technology the 
name of L. Tetmajer, who is conducting timber tests 
should be mentioned. 
The timber forest is the most general form of silvi- 
cultural management. Selection forest with 150 to 200 
year rotations is practised in the Alps and in the smaller 
private forest areas. Shelterwood system in compart- 
ments is in use in other parts (with a rotation of 60 to 
80 years in the deciduous and 80 to 120 years in conifer 
forest), supplanting largely the clearing and planting 
system which had found favor during the middle of last 
century. 
In corporation forests large areas are still under cop- 
pice with standards, but will probably soon be converted 
into timber forest, a policy favored by cantonal instruc- 
tions. Pure coppice is only rarely met, usually con- 
fined to the overflow lands and small private holdings, 
In some of the public forests in the French territory it 
is practised with a “double rotation” (furetage) accord- 
ing to French pattern. 
