THE SCANDINAVIAN STATES. 
Under the name of Scandinavian States we may com- 
prise the countries of Sweden, Norway and Denmark, 
which were settled by the same group of German tribes, 
the so-called Norsemen; they originally spoke the same 
language, which only later became more or less differen- 
tiated. The settlement of the country by these tribes 
seems to have been accomplished in the main by the end 
of the 8th century ; and the separation into the three sev- 
eral kingdoms in the ninth to twelfth centuries, during 
which time they were sometimes united, or at least under 
one ruler, sometimes at war with each other, and always 
torn by interior dissensions bordering on anarchy. 
In the English language the Report on Forestry in Sweden, by Gen. C, C. 
Anprews, U.S. Minister at Stockholm 1872, revised 1900. 35 pp. gives a state- 
ment of present conditions with historical notes. 
A very good idea in detail of the wood trade of Sweden may be obtained from 
The Wood Industries of Sweden, published by TIMBER TRADES JOURNAL 
of London in 1896. 
La Suéde, son peuple et son industrie, by G. SUNDBARG, 1900, 2 vols., con- 
tains 1 pertinent chap It is an official work, very complete, and was 
translated into English in 1904. 
The Economic History of the Swedish Forest, by GUNNAR SCHOTTE, 1905, 
32 pp., in Swedish, published by the forestry association, gives a brief account of 
conditions and data of the forestry movement. 
Norway. Official publication for the Paris Exposition, rg00, ins a chap- 
ter on Forestry by K. A. Fauchald, pp. 322-350, with a map of forest distribution. 
Le Danemarc, Etat actuel de sa civilization et de son organization sociale, 
by J. Cartsen, H. Oxeic and C. N. STARCKE, 1900, 714 pp. 
Denmark, its history and topography, etc., by H. WEITEMEYER, 1891. 
Bidrag til det Danske Skovbrugs Historie; by O. LUTKEN, 1900, was not 
accessible to the writer. 
A Danish forester, Mr. Bendixsen has kindly revised the statements in this 
volume. 
Extensive notes are found through the German, Austrian and French for- 
estry journals. Especially an article in the Centralblatt fiir das gesammte Forst- 
wesen, 1905 (briefed in Forestry Quarterly, vol. III, p. 292) gives an extended 
account of forest conditions in Sweden. 
