256 Sweden. 
sists of three persons who are appointed for three years, 
one by the government, one by the County Council, one 
by the managing committee of the County Agricultural 
Society. In addition, where the communities desire, 
elected Forest Conservation Commissioners may be insti- 
tuted to make sure of the enforcement of the law. The 
law does not prescribe detail methods as to how re-growth 
is to be obtained, but leaves these to be determined by 
the Board in consultation with the owners. If no 
agreement can be arrived at, or if the measures stipu- 
lated are not taken by the owner, the Board may enforce 
its rulings by Court proceedings, in which injunctions 
to prevent further lumbering, confiscation of logs, or of 
lumber, or money fines may be adjudged. The time of 
contracts for logging rights is reduced from 20 to 5 
years. An export duty (4 to 8 cents per 100 cubic feet 
of timber, 8 to 14 cents per ton of dry wood pulp) is 
levied for the purpose of carrying out the law. Pro- 
tective forests under special regulations are established 
at the alpine frontier and on the drift-sand plains. 
The management of communal forest is to be placed 
under the State forest administration, the corporations 
paying 1.6c. per acre; but this feature does not seem 
entirely settled. 
The State’s property, as we have seen, occupies largely 
the commercially less desirable areas in Norrland and 
much of the waste land. Within the last 30 years a 
policy of purchasing and reforesting shifting sands and 
other waste property has increased its holdings. The 
purchases have added 600,000 acres at an average cost 
of $5.30 per acre. In this way and by settlement of 
disputed titles, the State property has grown from 1880 
