276 Mediterranean Peninsulas. 
inaugurated in 1892 by setting aside 2 per cent. of the 
gross forest yield. But, in the political struggles, 
Carp’s party was displaced, and, depression in agricul- 
tural prosperity causing financial distress, an era of in- 
creased exploitation followed, so that the export of forest 
products (mainly to Greece, Italy and France) which 
had been declining, rose again to about eight million 
dollars annually. The financial embarrassment of the 
State led even to a proposition to sell State forests, but, 
before contracts for this purpose were consummated, re- 
lief came and the danger was averted. 
The State cuts about 22,000 acres annually, yielding 
about $1,000,000, the administration costing(in 1903) 
$240,000, leaving a net yield of 30 cents per acre. In 
1898, the Forest Department, in the direction of 
Domains under the Ministry of Agriculture consisted 
of a Forest Director with 156 foresters academically 
educated (mostly in France, and since 1892 in the 
Agricultural Institute at Bucharest), and over 2,500 
underforesters and guards. Of some 30,000 acres of 
sand dunes, one-half belonging to the State, about 
18,000 acres have been recovered by planting Black 
Locust, and some 9,000 acres of plains country have been 
reforested, for which 330 acres of nurseries furnish the 
material. In spite of all these efforts excessive pasturing, 
although forbidden in the State forest, and fires continue 
to devastate the property. 
Private forestry is, of course, much less developed, yet 
some large properties (Princess Schoenburg, with 
20,000 acres) are under efficient German forest manage- 
ment. Here money is spent on developing means of 
transportation, and a better revenue is secured than in 
the State forests. 
