Greece. 281 
theft. The mistake was made of employing in these 
positions superannuated Bavarian army officers, who 
were merely a burden on the treasury. No management 
or even regular fellings were attempted. The population 
could, as before, supply its needs upon permits, always 
granted, from the governor of the province, one of the 
forest guards being supposed to vise these, and to see 
that the wood was properly employed, not, however, to 
supervise the cutting. 
In 1877 further legislation was had, instituting in the 
Ministry of Finance, a forest inspector, technically 
trained, with two other inspectors, also technically 
trained, to superintend the outside work. A forest sur- 
vey was begun in 1879, but interrupted in 1880 for lack 
of funds and personnel. The same law placed the duty 
of guarding the State property in the hands of the 
general police or gendarmerie, 50 officers and some 340 
guards, and during the fire danger (June to October) 
110 more, being detailed for this service under direction 
of the Minister of War. The pernicious permit system, 
however, was continued. 
Dr. Chloros, who obtained his education in Germany, 
became finally Forest Director and is responsible for 
securing further legislation in 1888, the object of which 
was, as a first step towards improvement, to survey 
and delimit and round off the State property. It pro- 
vided that enclaves, and all absolute forest soil was to be 
expropriated. If no amicable agreement with the owner 
could be reached, the price was to be determined by the 
net yield which had been obtained from the property 
during the last five years, capitalized at 5 per cent. No 
attempts at an efficient organization or change of the de- 
structive permit system were made. 
