282 Mediterranean Peninsulas. 
By general law the State has the right to surveillance 
of private property, although the extent of this right is 
not fully defined. The government may take for its own 
use, by paying for it, upwards of one-sixth of the annual 
cut; it collects a tax of 12 to 18 per cent. for all 
workwood cut; it forbids the pasturing of woods that 
have been burned within 10 years, and obliges all owners 
of over 1200 acres to employ forest guards. ‘This and 
other interference with property rights naturally acts as 
deterrent to private forest management. A notable ex- 
ception is the small private royal forest property near 
Athens, which, since 1872 under a Danish forester, 
appears to have been managed under forestry principles. 
A thorough re-organization of the forest service was 
to be effected in 1893, when 20 district foresters were 
employed, the number of forest inspectors was increased 
to four, and a regular Division of Forestry was in- 
stituted in the finance department. The general police 
or gendarmerie was continued as forest guards. Until a 
native personnel could be educated by sending young 
men to Germany, foreigners were to be employed for the 
making of working plans. 
Yet in 1896 the then Director of the Forest Depart- 
ment, a lawyer, still complains of the absence of a 
proper organization and of any personnel with forestry 
knowledge. Apparently no progress had been made. In 
that year, however, the gendarmerie was to be replaced 
by forest guards (52 superior and 298 subaltern) who 
were to be appointed from graduates of a special secon- 
dary school, which had been instituted at Vytina some 
two years before. This replacement could, of course, not 
be effected at once, since hardly more than 25 could be 
