Education and Literature. 319 
countries—being as before designed mainly for as- 
pirants to the Indian forest service. The name of 
Dr. William Schlich, a German forester, and for some 
time the head of the Indian forest department now in 
charge of this school, is most prominently connected 
with the reform movement. 
Altogether forest management and_ silvicultural 
practice are still nearly unknown in England, and, 
until within a few years, the useful idea of working 
plans had not yet penetrated the minds of owners of 
estates. This apathy is, no doubt, in part due to the 
fact that the government is in the hands of the nobility, 
who prefer to keep their “shooting ranges’’, and do not 
see even a financial advantage from turning them into 
forest as long as they can derive a rent of from 10 
to 40 cents per acre for shooting privileges. 
Private endeavor has been active through the two 
arboricultural societies, the Royal Scotch, founded 
in 1854, and the Royal English, beginning its labors 
in 1880. The transactions of these societies in annual 
or occasional volumes represent the current magazine 
literature on forestry, since the monthly Journal of 
Forestry and Estates Management, which began its 
career in London in 1877, transferred to Edinburgh 
in 1884, ceased to exist in 1885. A Quarterly Journal 
of Forestry was begun by the English Society in 1907. 
Until within a short time the English professional 
book literature has been extremely meager, although a 
considerable propagandist, arboricultural, and general 
magazine literature exists. Schlich’s Manual of For- 
estry, first in three volumes published from 1889 to 
