322 India. 
dollars, while minor forest products (lac, cutch and 
gambier, myrobalan, caoutchouc, etc.) represent 
about 12 million dollars. 
Climatically, as is to be expected, on such a large 
territory, great variation exists, which is increased by 
differences in altitude from the sea level to the tops of 
the Himalayas. The climate is, of course, largely 
tropical, with a rainfall which varies from the heaviest 
known, of 600 inches, to almost none at all. 
Nevertheless, in spite of these differences from our 
conditions, much may be learned from Indian ex- 
perience in the matter of organization, both to follow 
and to avoid, and the fact that this can be done without 
the need of a foreign language will be attractive to 
most Americans. 
The British, like other nations, gained a foothold in 
India for trading purposes during the 17th century. 
This they extended during the 18th century, especially 
after they had attained the ascendancy by Clive’s 
subjection, in 1757, of the great Mogul, one of the most 
powerful native princes. By conquest and amicable 
arrangement, the territory of British influence was 
gradually increased through the agency of the East 
India Company, until, in 1858, the British government 
in India was formally established by royal procla- 
mation; and in 1877 it was declared an empire. 
Native princes still control, under British influence 
and restrictions, over one-third of the country, or a 
territory of nearly 600,000 square miles, divided into 
13 feudatory states. The total area under direct 
British control and government is 1,087,000 square 
