Forest Policy. 365 
manufacture without waste must be fulfilled, and a 
ground rent, a bonus, and timber dues for all timber 
cut are to be paid by the limit holder, details and 
prices varying and being changed from time to time. 
A Department of Crownlands in the Dominion 
government and in each province (in Nova Scotia the 
Attorney-General acting as such) administer the lands. 
Sealers or cullers attend to the measuring of the cut. 
The revenue derived by this system by all the provinces 
amounts now to round 4.5 million dollars per year, 
Ontario leading with about 18,000 square miles now 
under license, (mostly pine), producing $2,650,000, 
some 30 million dollars having altogether accrued 
since 1868; Quebec, with over 62,000 square miles 
under license, (mostly in spruce,) producing only 
$1,167,000, some 7 million dollars having accrued dur- 
ing the 37 years. Since land for settlement is, as in 
the United States, obtainable by homestead and other 
entries, a good many fraudulent applications under 
guise of settlement have curtailed the revenue, until 
now closer scrutiny of the fitness of land for settlement 
is made. 
The retention of the lands by the government is 
naturally a feature which would permit and should 
have earlier induced conservative forestry methods, 
but the immediate revenue interest has had and still 
has a more potent influence than considerations of the 
future. 
The impetus to introduce conservative features. 
seems to have largely come through the influence of the 
forestry movement in the United States, and, although, 
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