134 SOILS AND PLANT LIFE 



101. Propagation by some Part of the Plant other than 

 Seed or Spore. — The methods of propagation other than 

 by seeds or spores may be placed in three groups : 



(1) Plants may be formed while still attached to the 

 parent plant. This may be by (a) runners, (6) tip layers, 

 (c) layers, or (d) suckers. 



(2) Plants may be formed from portions detached from 

 the parent plant. This includes propagation by (a) bulbs, 

 (b) tubers, and (c) cuttings. 



(3) Plants may be formed by the union of two plants as 

 by (a) budding and (6) grafting. 



Fig. 47. — Runner on a strawberry plant. 



102. Plants formed while still attached to the Parent 

 Plant. — Such plants draw nourishment from the parent 

 plant until they are able to maintain an independent 

 growth. After this, the young plant is usually separated 

 from the older one by the death of the part connecting 

 the two, though this is not always true of suckers. Some 

 plants, such as the strawberry, send out long, prostrate 

 stems from which, at either the ends or the nodes, roots 

 develop and new plants form. Such a prostrate stem is 

 called a runner. 



