CHAPTER XXI 

 FRUIT GROWING 



216. Horticulture and Agriculture. — In ancient times, 

 the people lived together within walled cities for protection 

 and cultivated " intensively " the small plots of land within 

 the inclosures. The larger fields were outside and could 

 not be so carefully attended as those within. 



The Latin word hortus means a garden, or inclosure; 

 ager, a field ; and cultura, cultivation or culture. Thus the 

 word horticulture has come down to us meaning the care, 

 or culture, of those crops which were grown within the 

 walled cities; viz., fruits, vegetables and flowers, while 

 agriculture signifies the cultivation of grain crops, grasses 

 and other crops grown in the large fields outside. 



The older a country becomes and the denser its popula- 

 tion, the fewer are the field crops grown, while fruit and 

 vegetable crops tend to increase. 



217. Where our Fruits originated. — If we were to 

 travel from New York to Seattle, passing through Chicago, 

 Omaha, Denver and Salt Lake City on our way, we should 

 find apple orchards, large or small, in most places along 

 our route where the land is capable of cultivation. Then 

 if we were to journey down the Pacific coast, we should 

 find prune, peach, orange and lemon orchards and the 

 vineyards which yield our supply of raisins, as well as large 

 red or white solid-fieshed grapes. In the southern part 

 of CaUfornia and in Arizona, the date flourishes ; and in 



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