MAGNOLIA FAMILY 
are long, angled, and so poised that the leaves flutter inde- 
pendently, and their glossy surfaces so catch and toss the 
light that the effect of the foliage as a whole is much brighter 
than it otherwise would be. 
The flowers are large, brilliant, and on detached trees nu- 
merous, Their color is greenish yellow with dashes of red 
and orange, and their resemblance to a 
tulip very marked. They do not droop 
from the spray but sit erect. 
The fruit is a cone two to three inches 
long, made of a great number of thin nar- 
row scales attached to a common axis. 
These scales are each a carpel surrounded 
by a thin membranous ring. Each cone 
contains sixty or seventy of these scales, 
of which only a few are productive. Lou- 
don says that seeds from the highest 
branches of old trees are most likely to 
f ; germinate. These fruit cones remain on 
Fruit Cone of Tulip- : ‘ . F Z 
sah the tree in varied states of dilapidation 
throughout the winter. 
The Tulip is never abundant in the sense that oaks and 
beeches and ashes are abundant, because it delights only in 
deep, loamy, and extremely fertile soils, such as the bottom- 
lands of rivers and borders of swamps. Its finest develop- 
ment is in the valleys of the rivers flowing into the Ohio. It 
is recommended as a shade-tree, especially for the cities 
where bituminous coal is burned. 
The wood of the Tulip is known in the arts as the poplar 
and the whitewood. Mechanics who use it have divided it 
into the white and yellow poplav, judging from the color and 
texture of the wood. There seem to be no botanic distinc- 
tions sufficiently constant upon which to base a variety, and 
the difference is believed to depend upon the character of 
the soil. 
The tree grows readily from seeds, which should be sown 
in a fine soft mould, and in a cool and shady situation. If 
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