ROSACE—ROSE FAMILY 
CANADA PLUM. RED PLUM 
Prinus nigra 
A small tree twenty feet in height, dividing five or six feet from 
the ground into a number of stout upright branches which form a 
rigid head. Prefers alluvial soil. Ranges from Newfoundland 
through the St. Lawrence valley to Manitoba. By cultivation is 
naturalized in parts of Michigan, northern New England and north- 
ern New York. 
Bark.—Gray brown, outer layer comes off in thick plates. Branch- 
lets are bright green at first, later become dark brown tinged with 
red. 
Wood.—Bright red brown ; heavy, hard, strong and close-grained. 
Sp. gr., 0.6918 ; weight of cu. ft., 43.17. 
Winter Buds.—Chestnut brown, acuminate, one-eighth to one- 
fourth of an inch long. Scales of flower buds grow with the expand- 
ing flowers and become pale green tinged with pink. 
Leaves.—Alternate, simple, oblong-ovate or obovate, three to five 
inches long, one and a half to three inches broad, wedge-shaped or 
slightly heart-shaped or rounded at base, doubly crenulate-serrate, 
abruptly contracted to a narrow point at the apex, feather-veined, 
midrib conspicuous. They come out of the bud convolute, downy, 
slightly tinged with red, when full grown are smooth, bright green 
above, paler beneath. Petioles stout, bearing two large dark glands. 
Stipules lanceolate or three to five-lobed, early deciduous. 
Flowers.—May, before the leaves. Perfect, white, slightly fra- 
grant, borne in three to four-flowered umbels, with short thick pe- 
duncles. The pedicels of the blossoms are slender and dark red. 
Calyx.—Conic, dark red, five-lobed ; lobes acute, finally reflexed, 
glandular, smooth on the inner surface, imbricate in bud. 
Corolla.—Petals five, inserted on the calyx tube, white, turning 
pink in fading, margin more or less erose, ovate, rounded, with 
short claws, imbricate in bud. 
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