ELM FAMILY 
WINGED ELM. WAHOO 
Ulmus alata. 
Alata, winged, referring to the bark of the branchlets. 
Small tree, forty or fifty feet high, with short spreading branches 
and open round-topped head, the smaller branches with corky wings. 
Native to the southern states, though appearing in southern Illi- 
nois and southern Indiana. Prefers dry gravelly uplands, though 
found in alluvial soil. Roots fibrous. 
Bark.—Brown tinged with red, divided by shallow fissures into 
flat ridges covered with small scales. Branchlets slender, light 
green tinged with red, later become brown tinged with red and de- 
velop corky wings which remain for a long time. 
Wood.—Light brown ; heavy, hard close-grained, not strong, but 
difficult to split. Has very little value. Sp. gr., 0.7491 5 weight of 
cu. ft., 46.68 lbs. 
Winter Buds.—Leaf-buds slender, acute, one-eighth of an inch 
long, smooth or downy ; flower-buds longer. 
Leaves.—Alternate, ovate-oblong, often slightly falcate, two tu 
two and a half inches long, oblique or rounded at base, doubly ser- 
rate, acute or acuminate. They come out of the bud conduplicate, 
pale green, often tinged with red, hairy, when full grown are thick, 
firm, dark green and smooth above, pale green, downy below. 
Feather-veined, midrib and veins prominent. In autumn they turn 
apale yellow. Petioles short, stout, hairy. Stipules large, caducous. 
frlowers.--March, before the leaves. Per- 
fect, greenish brown. Borne on drooping ped- 
icels in few-flowered clusters, furnished with 
both bracts and bractlets. 
Calyx.—Campanulate, with five ovate, 
rounded lobes, imbricate in bud. 
Corolla,—W anting. 
Stamens.—As many as the lobes of the 
corolla. 
Pistil.—-Ovary superior, raised on a short 
stipe and coated with white tomentum, one- 
celled by abortion ; stigmas two. 
Winged Elm, Ulmus alata. Fruit. 
Samaras 4% to 14’ long. 
Samaras, winged all round; mature 
at the unfolding of the leaves, oblong, one- 
third of an inch long, borne on a drooping 
stem, downy on the faces, tipped with incurved downy horns, 
margins densely ciliate. Wing narrow compared to seed. 
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