PINE FAMILY 
They have much in common; both are evergreens of 
formal habit. The branchlets of each are disposed in one 
horizontal plane, and form an open, flat, fan-shaped spray. 
The spray of the White Cedar is closer than that of Arbor- 
vita. The leaves of both are scale-like, opposite in pairs, 
which makes them four-ranked, and so firmly pressed to the 
twig and so closely overlapping each other that they seem to 
be the twig itself. A tiny glandular disk is almost always 
present on the scales of the White Cedar, frequently present 
on those of the Arborvite. The width of the ultimate 
branchlets of the Arborvitz is nearly an eighth of an inch, 
that of the White Cedar barely a sixteenth. 
The cones are a marked and distinguishing difference be- 
tween them. Those of the White Cedar are tiny round balls, 
ornamented with various points and knobs. ‘Those of the 
Arborvitz are oblong and consist of six or eight loose 
scales. White Cedar is the more southern tree. Arbor- 
vite has its chosen home in northern latitudes although both 
are hardy throughout the northern states. The White Cedar 
is especially a tree of the swamps, crowding as far into the 
water as is possible while retaining a foothold of earth. Cedar 
swamps as a rule are inaccessible except in midwinter on the 
ice ; or in midsummer when the water is reduced to its lowest 
stage. When the White Cedar aud the Bald Cypress inhabit 
a swamp together, the former crowds to the centre and the 
latter grows about the edges. Notwithstanding its love of 
water it will grow in dry situations ; and twelve varieties are 
reported as in cultivation. 
As an illustration of the durability of the wood it may be 
noted that the trunks of White Cedar, buried deep in the 
swamps of New Jersey and Pennsylvania, are found to be un- 
changed in character and to furnish excellent lumber. 
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