ocr., 1899.] MAMMALS. 97 
At Wagon Camp, and thence eastward to Panther Creek, the whole 
country is honeycombed with their subterranean passages. While we 
were at Wagon Camp they were unmitigated pests, throwing up little 
mounds of fresh earth in our midst every day and keeping the ground 
disturbed the whole time, so that it was impossible to walk in any 
direction outside of the marsh without stirring up a cloud of dust. I 
shot several in camp in the daytime, as they poked their heads out of 
their burrows, pushing little loads of dirt before them. They throw 
out the earth so rapidly that it is difficult to observe the process accu- 
rately. One «appeared to empty it from his pouches, but I shot him in 
the act and found his pouches free from dirt and full of cut pieces of 
roots. 
On the higher slopes the winter earth plugs—the cylinders of earth 
mixed with heather which in winter are pushed up into the snow from 
the underground passages—remain on the ground all summer, a strik- 
ing evidence of the absence of rains, for a single hard shower would 
disintegrate and wash them away. They usually take the form of 
irregular serpentine ridges; but on Squaw Creek one was found which 
formed a complete oval ring with radiating cylinders. A photograph 
of this one, taken August 1, 1898, is here reproduced. (See fig. 31.) 
Thomomys monticola pinetorum subsp. nov. Pine-woods Gopher. 
Type from Sisson, Siskiyou County, Calif. No. 95152, $ ad., U.S. Nat. Mus., Biological 
Survey Coll. Collected Sept. 4, 1898, by R. T. Fisher. Orig. No. 173. 
Characters.—Similar in geaeral to T. monticola, but slightly smaller; 
skull shorter and broader; color very much paler. 
Color.—Upperparts pale fulvous, almost orange fulvous (in striking 
contrast to the much darker colors of monticola and mazama); nose 
dusky; sides of head in one pelage plumbeous or slaty faintly washed 
with buffy; in other pelage strongly washed with ochraceous. 
Cranial characters.—Skull, contrasted with that of monticola, short 
and broad, with zygomata much more widely spreading. 
Measurements.—_Type: Total length, 210; tail vertebra, 76; hind 
foot, 28. 
Remarks.—Common at Sisson and thence up to Wagon Camp, grading 
gradually into 7. monticola. 
Dipodomys californicus Merriam. Kangaroo Rat. 
Common in the manzanita chaparral on the south side of Shasta 
from Squaw Creek Valley, near McCloud Mill, up along the road to 
Wagon Camp, as far at least as an altitude of 4,800 feet, where their 
unmistakable tracks abounded in the dusty soil. In Shasta Valley 
they are exceedingly abundant and destructive to grain, according to 
complaints of the ranchmen. Here W. H. Osgood found their little 
trails winding about through the sage brush in all directions, and saw 
fresh tracks in the road every morning. 
21753—No. 16——13 
