ocr., 1899,] MAMMALS. 101 
A curious feature about Lepus klamathensis is the fact that it some- 
times does, and sometimes does not, turn white in winter. In the 
Biological Survey collection we have brown specimens killed late in 
January and white ones killed early in April. 
This species was not obtained on Shasta, but rabbit dung, supposed 
to belong to it, was found in many places, particularly under the dwarf 
Pinus albicaulis on the timberline ridges. Rabbit signs and tracks 
were seen also in the manzanita chaparral, but as no specimens were 
secured the species is a matter of conjecture. 
Lepus californicus Gray. California Jack Rabbit. 
Occurs in Shasta Valley at the north base of the mountain. Several 
were seen and one was killed near Edgewood September 30 by W. H. 
Osgood. 
Odocoileus columbianus (Richardson). Columbia Black-tail Deer. 
Abundant on Shasta and throughout the surrounding region. Even 
at Wagon Camp, which probably is visited by more hunting parties 
than any other part of the mountain, deer were numerous, and their 
well-beaten trails were in constant use during our stay. At first the 
animals were commonest in the lower part of the Shasta fir forest, 
where for a long time they were not driven away even by the frequent 
shooting of our bird collectors. When we had been at Wagon Campa 
week they were still common within an eighth of a mile. Later, how- 
ever, they became less numerous in the open forest and more abundant 
in the dense chaparral of manzanita and buck-brush a little lower 
down. They were common also on Red Butte, and along all of the 
streams and canyons on the west, south, and southeast sides of the 
mountain. On the west side, where water is scarce, numbers used 
to visit the pools in Cascade Gulch, northwest of Horse Camp. In Mud 
Creek Canyon their trails were so abundant as to form almost a mesh- 
work. When we visited this canyon first, July 22, Vernon Bailey saw 
eight deer; and several of us, resting on the west rim of the canyon, 
watched a doe and fawn on one of the trails on the opposite side. 
They were so plentiful in a canyon about a mile east of Squaw Creek 
that I named the place Deer Canyon. Several times during the season 
does with spotted fawns were seen in the Shasta fir forest. A yearling 
‘spike-buck’ killed on Squaw Creek by Vernon Bailey August 7 wasin 
the velvet, and his worn summer coat was scant and faded. Another 
‘spike-buck,’ killed in the mountains west of Scott Valley September 
15, was in the fresh gray winter coat, with only a few red hairs of the 
summer coat left. 
In September the old bucks, which had not been observed earlier, 
climbed the mountain and began to appear on the higher ridges, where 
they travel extensively in the timberline tongues of dwarf white-bark 
pines. On September 18 I followed the tracks of two large bucks along 
the upper part of Panther Creek and found where they had bedded 
