102 NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA. [xo. 16, 
close together under a low Shasta fir on a steep slope, from which they 
could overlook the country below. 
C. H. Townsend, in his notes on the mammals of northern California, 
gives an interesting account of this deer. 
Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque). Mule Deer. 
In the region east of Shasta, where the Columbia black-tail is the 
prevailing species, C. H. Townsend occasionally found the mule deer. 
“ But in Lassen County, a hundred miles farther south, the reverse was 
found to be the case,” and be saw nothing of the Columbia black-tail. 
This was in 1883 and 1884. The mule deer was not observed on Shasta 
by our party, although the tracks of an immense buck, seen by me 
early in August on the rim of Mud Creek Canyon, may have been made 
by it. Sherman Powell, in a recent article in Forest and Stream (April 
27, 1899), states that mule deer are plentiful a little east of Shasta “on 
and around Glass Mountain, and also on the northeast slopes of Black 
Fox Mountain.” 
Cervus occidentalis Ham. Smith. Elk. 
One of our party, R. T. Fisher, was informed by George B. Mitchell, 
cowity surveyor of Siskiyou County, that elk were shot in the neigh- 
borhood of Sisson as late as the early seventies. They were formerly 
abundant on and about Shasta, particularly in Squaw Creek Valley 
and Elk Flat, and used to range along the Scott Mountains, and thence 
westerly to the coast, where a few still exist. 
Antilocapra americana Ord. Prong-horn Antelope. 
Antelope, we were told, still inhabit the open pine forest east and 
northeast of Shasta. Tormerly they were common in Shasta Valley and 
ranged west into the foothills of the Scott and Siskiyou mountains. 
The following information regarding their distribution was obtained 
by Walter K. Fisher: In winter they ranged in the country between the 
Edgewood divide and the foothills of the Siskiyou mountains north of 
Hornbrook, extending into the low valleys west of Shasta River. They 
were most plentiful in the region between Little Shasta and Gazelle. 
Mr. Masgrave, one of the first settlers in Little Shasta Valley, is 
authority for the statement that formerly they frequently herded with 
his cattle. In Searface Valley, west of Gazelle, he once saw a large 
herd which contained not less than two thousand animals, 
In summer the antelope ranged extensively through Goose Nest 
Mountain and wooded valleys in Butte Creek region, as well as in Shasta 
Valley, Big Valley, Fall River Valley, and about Tule Lake, Klamath 
Falls, and Goose Lake. At present only a small herd remains. They 
stay in the remoter valleys east of the mountains and rarely come to 
Shasta Valley. In the summer of 1898 three were seen on the road 
between Little Shasta post-oftice and Butte Creek. 
