144 NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA. [wo. 16. 
to the moist basins and strips bordering the streams, as are Phyl- 
lodoce, Lutkea, and many others. (Identified by J. K. Small.) 
Eriogonum pyrolefolium Hooker. Large-leaf Alpine Eriogonum. 
Abundant on the pumice slopes of the Hudsonian and Aretic-Alpine 
zones, where it is associated with the foregoing species and with Poly- 
gonum shastense, P. newberryi, Pentstemon daridsoni, and others. It is 
vasily recognized by its large roundish deep-green leaves, in striking 
contrast to the much smaller whitish-tomentose leaves of its congener 
and associate, Hrigonum polypodum. Both species are common all the 
way around the mountain. The present species (pyrolw/folium) is rarely 
found above an altitude of 9,500 feet, but on a warm slope east of Mud 
Creek Canyon Vernon Bailey found it as high as 10,000 feet. It flow- 
ered the second time above the head of Squaw Creek the latter part of 
September and was then in flower and fruit simultaneously. Its root 
is large, thick, tapering, and moderately strong; it subdivides into 
about half a dozen rootlets which penetrate so deeply into the soil 
that it is difficult to obtain specimens without breaking them. The 
longest root measured was 750 millimeters to the broken end. The 
leaves reach about 30 millimeters above the ground; the fruit stems 
70 millimeters. The old imbricating leaf stems remain attached for 
several years and form a series of scales around the upper part of 
the perennial rootstalk. 
Eriogonum nudum Doug]. Naked-stem Eriogonum. 
Common in the lower part of the Transition zone, particularly about 
Sisson, where it was flowering plentifully as late as the end of Sep- 
tember. It is easily recognized by its tall, green naked stems, which 
rise from a bunch of large tomentose leaves. 
Oxyria digyna (linn.) Alpine Sorrel. 
One of the characteristic alpine species, growing in cold spots among 
the rocks at high altitudes on all sides of the mountain; found by 
Vernon Bailey as high as 11,200 feet. On the north side of Shastina 
we collected it at 8,900 feet, and on the northeast side of Red Butte as 
low as 7,600 feet. Tlis is the lowest station at which it was found, and 
since Pinus albicaulis occurs above Red Butte the locality migkt be 
mistaken to be below timberline, but the sorrel grows only among the 
rocks on the cold northeast slopes, where there are no trees and where 
the temperature is truly alpine. 
Polygonum shastense Brewer. Shasta Polygonum. 
One of the commonest and most characteristic plants of the stony 
pumice slopes of the Hudsonian and Alpine zones. A singular and 
attractive plant, particularly in September, when it is heavily laden with 
white and red flowers and fruit. As: rule the flowers are whitish, turn- 
ing red as the fruit begins to develop. No two plants could well be more 
different in general appearance than this species and its congener aud 
