Ch. III. s] FOR^IS OF FOLIAGE LEAVES 



69 



the stem (coxxate-perfoliate i. Such features, for the most 

 part, seem to have a structural rather than adaptational 

 origin. 



The leaves of plants which grow in places where water 

 is scarce or hard to absorb exhibit several features obviously 



Fig. 39. — Special forms of tip and base in leaves : X 5. Ficus reli^iosus, 

 with "drip" point: perfoliate Uiularia: auriculate 3/ag?iO?2a Fraseri; con- 

 nate-perloliate Honeysuckle; Caladiurn. 



related to reduction of transpiration. Such are, — reduction 

 in size, already mentioned : compact or rounded forms, often 

 storing water, as in Cactus: a very thick epidermis, which 

 prevents any loss by direct evaporation: sutiken stomata •nith 

 an air chamber outside, or else inrolled leaves, with the stomata 



