The Head and Neck 47 



Treatment. As in conjunctivitis, irritants must first be sought 

 for and removed, and the animal should then be confined to a 

 darkened room. During the stage of infiltration soothing appli- 

 cations are indicated and for this purpose a warm solution of boric 

 acid (2:100) should be instilled by means of a medicine-dropper. 

 If there is much congestion present atropine is to be added in the 

 same proportion. In the stage of resolution yellow oxide of mer- 

 cury ointment (1:60) may be smeared under the lids. Cocaine 

 should not be employed as it hinders the healing of ulcers. The 

 best treatment for ulceration is frequent instillations of distilled 

 aqueous solution of nitrate of silver (i :ioo) or of permanganate of 

 potash ( 1 :200o) ; sublimate solution ( i :50oo) , or formaldehyde 

 ( 1 13000) are also excellent. In the torpid stage, after subsidence of 

 the acute symptoms, gentle stimulation is needed, ointments of 

 yellow oxide of mercury, iodol, or aristol, or insufflations of calomel, 

 producing the best results. Indolent ulcers, keratocele^ fistula, and 

 kerectasia require touching with the solid nitrate of silver stick. 

 In threatened perforation the intraocular tension should be dimin- 

 ished by aseptic paracentesis of the cornea. When perforation has 

 taken place atropine (1:100) should be used to produce mydriasis 

 or dilation of the pupil when the opening is in the center of the 

 cornea, and eserine ( i : 1000) to produce myosis when it is at the 

 periphery of the cornea, the object in both instances being to cause 

 the iris to retire from the lesion and thereby lessen the liability to 

 adhesicwi. Recent staphyloma is treated with instillations of eserine, 

 or paracentesis to allow escape of the aqueous humor. Failing 

 in this, the protruding portion should be ligated with fine silk 

 under cocaine anesthesia, the ligature being allowed to remain in 

 position for a day or two, when the occluded portion is excised, but 

 in the interim the animal should be kept under morphine or it may 

 otherwise damage the eye by scratching. Abscess should be opened, 

 puncture with a needle sufficing. For nebula and leucoma yellow 

 oxide of mercury ointment or insufflations of white sugar may be 

 employed, together with internal tonic medication. 



ZNTEBSTITIAL KERATITIS. 



•This is a diffuse form of the disease in which the inflammation 

 involves the several layers of the cornea. It is characterized by mul- 

 tiple opacities and profuse intracomeal vessel formation. Ulcera- 



