so Surgical Diseases and Surgery of the Dog 



mon in animals possessing naturally prominent eyes, such as Pugs 

 and Toy Spaniels. 



Symptoms and Diagnosis. In the early stages the only symptom 

 is that of prominent bulging. If the condition is allowed to persist, 

 the tension to which the cornea is subjected brings about its dis- 

 solution and permanent loss of sight results. 



Treatment. To relieve the tension the cornea should be punc- 

 tured repeatedly if necessary and this followed up with instillations 

 of eserine solution ( i :20o) . 



AMBLYOPIA. AMAUROSIS. 



These terms are appHed respectively in those cases where vision 

 is subnormal or is entirely abolished, but where there is no ophthal- 

 moscopic change. The disorder may be unilateral or bilateral. The 

 causes are manifold. Some cases are due to inflammatory changes 

 or deposits in the retina. Others result from traumatism, encephalic 

 disturbances, severe hemorrhages, and atrophy of the optic nerve 

 as may follow infectious disorders, notably Distemper. 



Symptoms and Diagnosis. The eye has a staring look. The 

 pupil is immobile and widely dilated, though there is slight pupillary 

 action in the incomplete form. Ophthalmoscopic examination may 

 disclose a local lesion, particularly in atrophy of the optic nerve when 

 the vessels which are normally numerous and red in appearance, for 

 the most part disappear, the few remaining assuming a greyish 

 color. Excepting in those cases resulting from sudden transitory 

 disturbances the evolution is usually slow, though Distemper cases 

 may develop in two or three weeks. Slowly developing cases have 

 usually graver import than those of the opposite nature, where 

 the. condition may disappear with the passing of the provocative 

 factor. ^ . 



Treatment. By far the best remedy is strychnine. This should 

 be injected hypodermically every three days in the temporal region 

 as advocated by Froehner. Very minute doses must be employed, 

 I to 3 mg. sufficing. So effective is this treatment that improve- 

 ment has been noticed after the second injection, and if the ophthal- 

 moscope is again employed neoformation of vessels may be ob- 

 served. In cases due to retinal deposits, iodine is indicated in the 

 forra of the iodides internally. 



