92 Surgical Diseases and Surgery of the Dog 



already loosened in its socket. The tooth is grasped with the beaks 

 of the forceps, the latter being forced as far up the root as possible. 

 Incisors and other single-fanged teeth are loosened by application 

 of rotary motion (a half turn each way). Compound molars are 

 loosened by pressure inwards and outwards. In spite of the exer- 

 cise of due care, the roots are occasionally broken. This accident 

 need not cause anxiety as they are usually gradually forced out of 

 the socket by thickening of the peridental membrane occasioned by 

 the inflammation the extraction sets up. Their immediate removal 

 may be accomplished by employment of root forceps. 



Hobday and Mosley, the latter a dental surgeon, have demon- 

 strated that false teeth may be successfully affixed to the jaws of 

 the dog, thereby enabling him to tear animal tissues. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



Baume — Odontologische Forshungen Leipzig. 1882. 



Darwin — The Origin of Species. 



Galippe— Comptes rendus d. Sc€anc. d. TAcadGm. d. Scienc. 116. 



Guru— Cited by Kitt in Lehrb. d. Path. Anat. Diagnost. 1. 



Hobday — Jonm. of Comp. Path. & Therap. 10, p. 362. 



Magltot — Traits d. Anom. d. Syst^me Dentaire Chez I'Homme et 1. Mammiffires. Paris, 1877. 



Miller — Independent Practitioner. Feb., March, May, 1884. May, Jane, 1885. 



Moeller & Hoffman — Cited by Mueller in Die Kraukhelten des Hundes, 



Owen — Odontography. 



Eeul— Ann. de. M6d. V6t6r. 1885, p. S4. 



SewlU— Brit. Journ. of Dental Science. 1891, p. 629. 



Wangh— Journ. of Comp. Med. & Veter. ArchlTes. 1890, p. 285. 



Werwey — Cited by Cadiot & Almy In Traits de Ther. Chir. d. Anim Domest. 



The Salivary Glands 



TRAUMATIC LESIONS. 



Division of Steno's Duct. A clean division would seem to be 

 remarkably free of any imtoward result. Harms divided Steno's 

 duct about half an inch from its orifice for the purpose of experi- 

 menting with the saliva. For five days the saliva flowed freely. On 

 the sixth day the wound was covered with a scab which the dog 

 scratched off. On the seventh day the scab had reformed permitting 

 but little saliva to escape. In twelve days there was a dry scab under 

 which the wound quickly healed. The animal was killed on the 

 fifty-first day, and examination showed that the continuity of the 

 duct had become reestablished. 



FISTULA. 



This condition is very rare. It may develop from the presence 



