236 Surgical Diseases and Surgery of the Dog 



obliteration of the urethral lumen. Contrasted with suppression 

 resulting from prostatic enlargements and calcular obstruction it 

 is complete and sudden in its advent. The animal makes ineffectual 

 attempts to urinate and has colicky pains. Distension of the organ 

 is discoverable by abdominal palpation. To exclude calcular ob- 

 struction from consideration the catheter or sound should be passed! 

 Palpation with the index finger in the rectum or vagina permits of 

 differentiation from prostatic enlargements. Uncertainty as to the 

 condition present should be relieved by explorative celiotomy. 



Treatment. As soon as the bladder is found to be overtaxed 

 it should be promptly evacuated by puncture. The condition must 

 then be relieved by direct adjustment through the open abdominal 

 cavity, according to the exigencies of the case. 



NEOPLASMS. 



Both innocent and malignant growths have been observed in 

 the bladder but their occurrence is extremely rare. Myxoma, myoma, 

 and primary and secondary sarcoma and carcinoma have been 

 recorded. 



Tumors of the bladder offer but little scope for surgical inter- 

 ference. 



Symptoms and Diagnosis. The dominant symptom is progres- 

 sive, painful, and frequent dysuria coupled in the case of malignant 

 tumors with cachexia and inappetence. The abdomen may or may 

 not show enlargement according to the size of the growth. Palpa- 

 tion of the abdomen or with the index finger in the vagina or rectum 

 discloses the presence of an uneven growth. 



In cases of carcinoma, sarcoma, and myoma, seen respectively 

 by Demeurisse, Bournay, and Lienaux, there was no hematuria, 

 but Schulz observed in a case of primary carcinoma straining at 

 micturition for some time before a drop of urine was passed, the 

 latter flowing in a thin stream and being followed by a few drops 

 of blood. This was particularly noticeable after exercise. 



Treatment. Celiotomy and extirpation of the growth or par- 

 tial resection of the viscus are indicated. If the terminal portions 

 of the ureters are involved they can be divided and implanted else- 

 where, while if the neck of the organ is diseased the only alternative 

 is extirpation of the growth and anastomosis of the remainder of 

 the organ with the rectum, as practiced experimentally by Frank, 



