366 Surgical Diseases and Surgery of the Dog 



as follows in a total of twenty-eight animals : Lungs nineteen. Kid- 

 neys twelve, Spleen two, and Pericardium two. Cramer once saw 

 the Ovaries involved, and Mueller witnessed tubercular ulceration 

 of the Skin. Tubercles vary in size from a pin-head to a pea, and 

 when confluent may be of irregular dimensions. In color, they are 

 usually grey or white, and in consistence, rather solid on serous 

 membranes. They are productive of effusions. 



Actinomycotic growths are occasionally witnessed in the dog. 

 Torrance destroyed a pointer suffering from ascites, and at the 

 necropsy found a large, solid, actinomycotic mass occupying the re- 

 gion between the heart and the diaphragm, and involving the pos- 

 terior part of the Right Lung, part of the Pericardial Sac, and the 

 Diaphragm. Gohn treated a case following a bite over the Tibia 

 with secondary infection of the Mouth. The disease is also re- 

 ferred to by Cadiot & Almy and Friedberger & Froehner, while 

 Murphy cites an instance in a woman whose dog had died with a 

 large swelling under the Jaw. Rabe observed a microorganism 

 resembling the actinomyces which he obtained from an animal suffer- 

 ing from multiple abscesses. 



Under this heading I include conditionally the tumor-like for- 

 mations which occur in the Genital Mucosa of both sexes. There 

 is considerable diversity of opinion as to the histologic identity of 

 these growths. Smith & Washboum, in England, who have ex- 

 perimented considerably with this disease, recognize it as sarcoma. 

 But it must be remembered that it is by no means an easy matter 

 to distinguish between granulomatous cells and those of true sar- 

 comatous nature. Both arise from connective tissue elements, the 

 process of development in either stopping short of cicatricial trans- 

 formation. It was Virchow who originally employed the term In- 

 fective Granuloma to emphasize the points of resemblance between 

 such cellular growths and true forms of tumor. The growths in 

 question have been variously described as papilloma by French 

 authorities, as condyloma by Bruckmueller, as carcinoma by Wehr, 

 Froehner, and other German authorities. Wehr inoculated minute 

 portions of these growths in the subcutaneous tissue of healthy 

 dogs with positive result in a number of cases. But with one ex- 

 ception, the growths after attaining the size of a hazel-nut became 

 absorbed completely. In the~i|Cceptional case, secondary nodules 

 developed in the internal lymphatics and spleen and caused the 

 death of the animal by inhibiting the urinary outflow which led to 



